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The Process

What Happens in a Mediation Session? A Step-by-Step Guide

If you have never been to mediation, it can feel uncertain. This guide walks through the process from start to finish so you know exactly what to expect.

Many people arrive at mediation without having experienced it before. The unfamiliarity can add to what is already a stressful situation. Understanding what to expect at each stage helps you prepare practically and emotionally, and means you can focus on the conversation rather than worrying about the process.

This guide explains what happens from first contact through to the end of a session, including what the mediator does, what you will be asked to do, and what the possible outcomes are.

Step 1: Initial enquiry

The process begins with a brief, confidential conversation, by phone or via a contact form. You speak with us about your situation: what the dispute involves, who the parties are, and whether mediation may be a suitable option.

This is not a commitment to proceed. It is an opportunity for us to understand the basics and for you to ask any questions. We will give you an honest assessment of whether mediation is likely to be helpful, and if not, why not.

If the matter involves family or parenting issues, we will explain the Family Dispute Resolution (FDR) requirements and what registration is relevant.

Step 2: Intake and suitability assessment

Before any joint session takes place, the mediator meets separately with each party. These individual meetings serve several purposes:

  • To understand each person's perspective in a safe, private setting
  • To explain how the process works and what the mediator's role is
  • To check that mediation is appropriate given the circumstances
  • To identify any concerns, including power imbalances or safety issues, that may need to be managed
  • To help each person clarify what they want to achieve

These sessions are confidential. What you share during your individual intake is not passed on to the other party unless you give permission.

What you share in your individual session stays between you and the mediator. The intake is your opportunity to speak freely and to get across the things that matter most to you.

Step 3: Preparing for the joint session

After individual intake sessions, both parties are briefed on what to expect in the joint session. The mediator will explain:

  • The structure of the session and how time will be managed
  • The ground rules (speaking one at a time, treating each other respectfully)
  • The mediator's role as neutral facilitator
  • The confidentiality of the process
  • What the possible outcomes are

You may be asked to bring relevant documents, particularly for commercial or property matters. For most family mediations, documents are less central, and the conversation itself is what matters.

Step 4: The joint session

This is the main event. The joint session brings both parties together, facilitated by the mediator. Depending on the matter, it may run for a few hours or a full day. Sessions can be held in person at one of our offices, or conducted online.

Opening

The mediator opens by briefly summarising the process, confirming the ground rules, and reaffirming that the session is confidential. Each party is given the opportunity to make a short opening statement, describing their perspective and what they are hoping to achieve.

Exploration

The mediator guides a structured conversation to explore the key issues. This is not a debate or an argument, and it is not a chance to relitigate the past. The focus is on understanding each person's interests, concerns and priorities, and finding where there is common ground.

The mediator may ask questions, reflect back what they hear, reframe issues in less charged language, and help both parties understand what the other person actually needs.

Private sessions (caucus)

During the joint session, the mediator may meet privately with each party (called a caucus). This allows each person to discuss options or concerns without the other person present. What is said in caucus remains confidential unless you choose to share it.

Negotiation and options

As the session progresses, the conversation moves from understanding the issues to exploring possible solutions. The mediator helps both parties identify realistic options, consider their implications, and move toward workable outcomes.

You are never required to agree to anything. The mediator will not pressure you toward a particular outcome. If an option does not work for you, you can say so.

Step 5: Agreement or next steps

At the conclusion of the session, one of several outcomes is possible:

Full agreement

Both parties have reached agreement on all the matters discussed. The agreement can be documented in writing during or after the session. Depending on the type of dispute, you may wish to have a lawyer review and formalise the agreement before signing.

Partial agreement

Agreement has been reached on some but not all issues. This is still meaningful progress. The remaining issues are clearer, and further steps, including another session or referral to other processes, can be planned.

No agreement

The parties did not reach agreement. This happens, and it does not mean the process failed. Often, the conversation has still moved things forward, improved understanding, and clarified what the actual remaining disagreements are. For family matters, the mediator will issue a Section 60I certificate where applicable, allowing the matter to proceed to court if needed.

What the mediator does (and does not do)

It is worth being clear about this, because it is one of the most common misunderstandings about mediation.

The mediator does:

  • Facilitate a fair, structured conversation
  • Ensure both parties have an opportunity to be heard
  • Ask questions, reflect, reframe and summarise
  • Help identify common ground and explore options
  • Manage the process so it stays productive

The mediator does not:

  • Take sides or advocate for either party
  • Make decisions or impose an outcome
  • Provide legal advice
  • Tell you what you should agree to
  • Report back to any authority (with limited legal exceptions)

How to prepare

The best preparation is clarity about what you need from the process. Before your session, it can help to:

  • Write down the main issues as you see them
  • Think about what outcome would work for you, and why
  • Consider what the other party's concerns might be
  • Gather any relevant documents (for commercial or property matters)
  • Get independent legal advice if you are unsure of your rights in relation to any proposed agreement

You do not need to have everything figured out before you arrive. Part of the mediator's job is to help you get there during the session.

Ready to take the next step?

A confidential first conversation with us costs nothing and carries no obligation. We will explain the process for your specific situation and answer any questions you have.

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Book a confidential consultation. We will explain what mediation looks like for your specific situation and answer any questions.